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Despite the apparent need, the available research has not specifically addressed allometric equations that relate bird and mammal weight to inhalation toxicity. There is a lack of information from the open literature on inhalation toxicity of semi-volatile and volatile pesticides to birds and mammals of different sizes. The current use of allometric equations reviewed above represents the best available science that can be used in the context of inhalation toxicity. This model therefore employs the same allometric adjustment to the LD₅₀ to account for differences in the size of the bird or mammal in order to obtain an adjusted LD₅₀ of a 0.020 kg bird or 0.015 kg mammal. In addition, the model accounts for differences in respiratory volume by applying the allometric equation relating body weight to inhalation rate to obtain a weight adjusted volume inhaled per unit time. By adjusting both the LD₅₀ and the inhalation rate to a 0.020 kg bird and a 0.015 kg mammal, this tool provides a conservative comparison of exposure to toxicity based on the current state of knowledge.

A separate expectation is the element of bird otherwise mammal to inhale dust out of 100 m inside the diameter otherwise less of brand new lead spraying droplet distribution once application of the pesticide. Past discussions on 2004 Drain (All of us EPA, 2004a) provided understanding into size of particles you to a good bird is in a position to inhale and respire. Inhalable dust are the ones you to go through the nares and you may get into top of the respiratory system, however they are unable to enter the lungs or heavens sacs, while respirable dust are the ones that may go into the lung area. This new 2004 Drain (United states EPA, 2004a) known 7 m is the biggest particle size able to go into the lung area from an excellent bird. Continue reading →